When a child is newly diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), one of the first things parents notice is the unique language used within the autism community. From medical terms to everyday expressions shared in support groups, these words often carry special meaning. For new parents navigating this journey, learning the vocabulary not only helps in conversations with professionals but also makes it easier to connect with other families who share similar experiences.

Below, we’ve explained some of the most common autism-related terms you may come across, organized in a way that highlights both behaviors and support strategies.

Common Behaviors and Traits

Perseveration

This refers to a tendency to get “stuck” on a thought, action, or subject. While everyone repeats things occasionally, in children with ASD, perseveration is more persistent and noticeable. It can appear in different forms:

• Verbal perseveration – repeating words or phrases
• Cognitive perseveration – fixating on an idea or question
• Motor perseveration – repeating physical movements

Echolalia (Scripting)

Many children with Autism echo words or phrases they’ve heard, either immediately or after some time. This isn’t simply “copying”—it can be their way of processing language or attempting to communicate when self-expression feels difficult.

Stimming

Short for “self-stimulatory behavior,” stimming includes repetitive actions such as rocking, hand-flapping, or spinning objects. While it may look unusual to outsiders, stimming often helps autistic individuals regulate emotions, reduce anxiety, or cope with overstimulation.

Meltdowns

Unlike tantrums, which are intentional attempts to get something, meltdowns happen when a child becomes overwhelmed—whether emotionally, physically, or through sensory overload. They are an involuntary response to stress rather than a behavioral choice.

Sensory Overload

This occurs when too much sensory input—such as noise, bright lights, or crowded environments—overwhelms the brain’s ability to process. The result may be heightened stress, discomfort, or even a meltdown.

Stereotypy

These are repetitive, sometimes complex behaviors that may be verbal (repeated sounds) or physical (hand movements, pacing). They can serve different purposes, such as self-expression or sensory regulation.

Key Terms in Autism Conversations

ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder)

An umbrella term used to describe autism in all its variations. Doctors may also assign a level (1, 2, or 3) to indicate the amount of support a child might need.

Neurotypical

A term commonly used to describe individuals who are not on the autism spectrum. You’ll often see it in discussions comparing autistic and non-autistic behaviors.

Support Approaches Parents Often Discuss

Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA)

ABA is one of the most widely recognized therapeutic approaches for autism. It uses structured techniques, such as positive reinforcement and targeted behavioral supports, to encourage learning and skill development.

Dietary Interventions

Some parents explore nutritional changes—such as supplements or modified diets—in an effort to support their child’s health and possibly ease certain ASD-related symptoms. While research is ongoing, many families share their personal success stories within the community.

Final Thoughts

Understanding autism is not only about medical evaluations or therapy sessions—it’s also about learning the language that parents, doctors, and therapists use every day. Becoming familiar with these terms helps parents communicate more effectively, seek the right resources, and connect with the autism community with confidence.